improved starting point

1 files changed, 483 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/rubypants.rb b/rubypants.rb
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+#
+# = RubyPants - SmartyPants ported to Ruby
+#
+# Ported by Christian Neukirchen <mailto:chneukirchen@gmail.com>
+#   Copyright (C) 2004 Christian Neukirchen
+#
+# Incooporates ideas, comments and documentation by Chad Miller
+#   Copyright (C) 2004 Chad Miller
+#
+# Original SmartyPants by John Gruber
+#   Copyright (C) 2003 John Gruber
+#
+
+#
+# = RubyPants - SmartyPants ported to Ruby
+#
+# == Synopsis
+#
+# RubyPants is a Ruby port of the smart-quotes library SmartyPants.
+#
+# The original "SmartyPants" is a free web publishing plug-in for
+# Movable Type, Blosxom, and BBEdit that easily translates plain ASCII
+# punctuation characters into "smart" typographic punctuation HTML
+# entities.
+#
+#
+# == Description
+# 
+# RubyPants can perform the following transformations:
+# 
+# * Straight quotes (<tt>"</tt> and <tt>'</tt>) into "curly" quote
+#   HTML entities
+# * Backticks-style quotes (<tt>``like this''</tt>) into "curly" quote
+#   HTML entities
+# * Dashes (<tt>--</tt> and <tt>---</tt>) into en- and em-dash
+#   entities
+# * Three consecutive dots (<tt>...</tt> or <tt>. . .</tt>) into an
+#   ellipsis entity
+# 
+# This means you can write, edit, and save your posts using plain old
+# ASCII straight quotes, plain dashes, and plain dots, but your
+# published posts (and final HTML output) will appear with smart
+# quotes, em-dashes, and proper ellipses.
+# 
+# RubyPants does not modify characters within <tt><pre></tt>,
+# <tt><code></tt>, <tt><kbd></tt>, <tt><math></tt> or
+# <tt><script></tt> tag blocks. Typically, these tags are used to
+# display text where smart quotes and other "smart punctuation" would
+# not be appropriate, such as source code or example markup.
+#
+#
+# == Backslash Escapes
+# 
+# If you need to use literal straight quotes (or plain hyphens and
+# periods), RubyPants accepts the following backslash escape sequences
+# to force non-smart punctuation. It does so by transforming the
+# escape sequence into a decimal-encoded HTML entity:
+# 
+#   \\    \"    \'    \.    \-    \`
+#
+# This is useful, for example, when you want to use straight quotes as
+# foot and inch marks: 6'2" tall; a 17" iMac.  (Use <tt>6\'2\"</tt>
+# resp. <tt>17\"</tt>.)
+#
+# 
+# == Algorithmic Shortcomings
+# 
+# One situation in which quotes will get curled the wrong way is when
+# apostrophes are used at the start of leading contractions. For
+# example:
+# 
+#   'Twas the night before Christmas.
+# 
+# In the case above, RubyPants will turn the apostrophe into an
+# opening single-quote, when in fact it should be a closing one. I
+# don't think this problem can be solved in the general case--every
+# word processor I've tried gets this wrong as well. In such cases,
+# it's best to use the proper HTML entity for closing single-quotes
+# (``&#8217;``) by hand.
+# 
+# 
+# == Bugs
+#
+# To file bug reports or feature requests (except see above) please
+# send email to: mailto:chneukirchen@gmail.com
+#
+# If the bug involves quotes being curled the wrong way, please send
+# example text to illustrate.
+#
+#
+# == Authors
+# 
+# John Gruber did all of the hard work of writing this software in
+# Perl for Movable Type and almost all of this useful documentation.
+# Chad Miller ported it to Python to use with Pyblosxom.
+#
+# Christian Neukirchen provided the Ruby port, as a general-purpose
+# library that follows the *Cloth api.
+# 
+#
+# == Copyright and License
+# 
+# === SmartyPants license:
+# 
+# Copyright (c) 2003 John Gruber
+# (http://daringfireball.net)
+# All rights reserved.
+# 
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+# are met:
+# 
+# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+#   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+# 
+# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+#   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+#   the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+#   distribution.
+# 
+# * Neither the name "SmartyPants" nor the names of its contributors
+#   may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
+#   software without specific prior written permission.
+# 
+# This software is provided by the copyright holders and contributors
+# "as is" and any express or implied warranties, including, but not
+# limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness
+# for a particular purpose are disclaimed. In no event shall the
+# copyright owner or contributors be liable for any direct, indirect,
+# incidental, special, exemplary, or consequential damages (including,
+# but not limited to, procurement of substitute goods or services;
+# loss of use, data, or profits; or business interruption) however
+# caused and on any theory of liability, whether in contract, strict
+# liability, or tort (including negligence or otherwise) arising in
+# any way out of the use of this software, even if advised of the
+# possibility of such damage.
+# 
+# === RubyPants license
+# 
+# RubyPants is a derivative work of SmartyPants and smartypants.py.
+# 
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+# are met:
+# 
+# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+#   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+# 
+# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+#   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+#   the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+#   distribution.
+# 
+# This software is provided by the copyright holders and contributors
+# "as is" and any express or implied warranties, including, but not
+# limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness
+# for a particular purpose are disclaimed. In no event shall the
+# copyright owner or contributors be liable for any direct, indirect,
+# incidental, special, exemplary, or consequential damages (including,
+# but not limited to, procurement of substitute goods or services;
+# loss of use, data, or profits; or business interruption) however
+# caused and on any theory of liability, whether in contract, strict
+# liability, or tort (including negligence or otherwise) arising in
+# any way out of the use of this software, even if advised of the
+# possibility of such damage.
+# 
+#
+# == Links
+#
+# John Gruber:: http://daringfireball.net
+# SmartyPants:: http://daringfireball.net/projects/smartypants
+#
+# Chad Miller:: http://web.chad.org
+#
+# Christian Neukirchen:: http://kronavita.de/chris
+#
+
+
+class RubyPants < String
+  VERSION = "0.1"
+
+  # Allowed elements in the options array:
+  # 
+  # 0 :: do nothing
+  # 1 :: set all
+  # 2 :: set all, using old school en- and em- dash shortcuts
+  # 3 :: set all, using inverted old school en and em- dash shortcuts
+  # -1 :: stupefy (translate HTML entities to their ASCII-counterparts)
+  #
+  # <tt>:quotes</tt>        :: quotes
+  # <tt>:backticks</tt>     :: backtick quotes (``double'' only)
+  # <tt>:allbackticks</tt>  :: backtick quotes (``double'' and `single')
+  # <tt>:dashes</tt>        :: dashes
+  # <tt>:oldschool</tt>     :: old school dashes
+  # <tt>:inverted</tt>      :: inverted old school dashes
+  # <tt>:ellipses</tt>      :: ellipses
+  # <tt>:convertquotes</tt> :: convert <tt>&quot;</tt> entities to
+  #                            <tt>"</tt> for Dreamweaver users
+  # <tt>:stupefy</tt>       :: translate SmartyPants HTML entities
+  #                            to their ASCII counterparts.
+  #
+  def initialize(string, options=[2])
+    super string
+    @options = [*options]
+  end
+
+  # Apply SmartyPants transformations.
+  def to_html
+    do_quotes = do_backticks = do_dashes = do_ellipses = do_stupify = nil
+    convert_quotes = false
+
+    if @options.include? 0
+      # Do nothing.
+      return self
+    elsif @options.include? 1
+      # Do everything, turn all options on.
+      do_quotes = do_backticks = do_ellipses = true
+      do_dashes = :normal
+    elsif @options.include? 2
+      # Do everything, turn all options on, use old school dash shorthand.
+      do_quotes = do_backticks = do_ellipses = true
+      do_dashes = :oldschool
+    elsif @options.include? 3
+      # Do everything, turn all options on, use inverted old school
+      # dash shorthand.
+      do_quotes = do_backticks = do_ellipses = true
+      do_dashes = :inverted
+    elsif @options.include?(-1)
+      do_stupefy = true
+    else
+      do_quotes =                @options.include? :quotes
+      do_backticks =             @options.include? :backticks
+      do_backticks = :both    if @options.include? :allbackticks
+      do_dashes = :normal     if @options.include? :dashes
+      do_dashes = :oldschool  if @options.include? :oldschool
+      do_dashes = :inverted   if @options.include? :inverted
+      do_ellipses =              @options.include? :ellipses
+      convert_quotes =           @options.include? :convertquotes
+      do_stupefy =               @options.include? :stupefy
+    end
+
+    # Parse the HTML
+    tokens = tokenize
+    
+    # Keep track of when we're inside <pre> or <code> tags.
+    in_pre = false
+
+    # Here is the result stored in.
+    result = ""
+
+    # This is a cheat, used to get some context for one-character
+    # tokens that consist of just a quote char. What we do is remember
+    # the last character of the previous text token, to use as context
+    # to curl single- character quote tokens correctly.
+    prev_token_last_char = ""
+
+    tokens.each { |token|
+      if token.first == :tag
+        result << token[1]
+        if token[1] =~ %r!<(/?)(?:pre|code|kbd|script|math)[\s>]!
+          in_pre = ($1 != "/")  # Opening or closing tag?
+        end
+      else
+        t = token[1]
+
+        # Remember last char of this token before processing.
+        last_char = t[-1]
+
+        unless in_pre
+          t = process_escapes t
+          
+          t.gsub!(/&quot;/, '"')  if convert_quotes
+
+          if do_dashes
+            t = educate_dashes t            if do_dashes == :normal
+            t = educate_dashes_oldschool t  if do_dashes == :oldschool
+            t = educate_dashes_inverted t   if do_dashes == :inverted
+          end
+
+          t = educate_ellipses t  if do_ellipses
+
+          # Note: backticks need to be processed before quotes.
+          if do_backticks
+            t = educate_backticks t
+            t = educate_single_backticks t  if do_backticks == :both
+          end
+
+          if do_quotes
+            if t == "'"
+              # Special case: single-character ' token
+              if prev_token_last_char =~ /\S/
+                t = "&#8217;"
+              else
+                t = "&#8216;"
+              end
+            elsif t == '"'
+              # Special case: single-character " token
+              if prev_token_last_char =~ /\S/
+                t = "&#8221;"
+              else
+                t = "&#8220;"
+              end
+            else
+              # Normal case:                  
+              t = educate_quotes t
+            end
+          end
+
+          t = stupefy_entities t  if do_stupefy
+        end
+
+        prev_token_last_char = last_char
+        result << t
+      end
+    }
+
+    # Done
+    result
+  end
+
+  protected
+
+  # Return the string, with after processing the following backslash
+  # escape sequences. This is useful if you want to force a "dumb" quote
+  # or other character to appear.
+  #
+  # Escaped are:
+  #      \\    \"    \'    \.    \-    \`
+  #
+  def process_escapes(str)
+    str.gsub(/\\\\/, '&#92;').
+      gsub(/\\"/, '&#34;').
+      gsub(/\\'/, '&#39;').
+      gsub(/\\\./, '&#46;').
+      gsub(/\\-/, '&#45;').
+      gsub(/\\`/, '&#96;')
+  end
+
+  # The string, with each instance of "<tt>--</tt>" translated to an
+  # em-dash HTML entity.
+  #
+  def educate_dashes(str)
+    str.gsub(/--/, '&#8212;')
+  end
+
+  # The string, with each instance of "<tt>--</tt>" translated to an
+  # en-dash HTML entity, and each "<tt>---</tt>" translated to an
+  # em-dash HTML entity.
+  #
+  def educate_dashes_oldschool(str)
+    str.gsub(/---/, '&#8212;').gsub(/--/, '&#8211;')
+  end
+
+  # Return the string, with each instance of "<tt>--</tt>" translated
+  # to an em-dash HTML entity, and each "<tt>---</tt>" translated to
+  # an en-dash HTML entity. Two reasons why: First, unlike the en- and
+  # em-dash syntax supported by +educate_dashes_oldschool+, it's
+  # compatible with existing entries written before SmartyPants 1.1,
+  # back when "<tt>--</tt>" was only used for em-dashes.  Second,
+  # em-dashes are more common than en-dashes, and so it sort of makes
+  # sense that the shortcut should be shorter to type. (Thanks to
+  # Aaron Swartz for the idea.)
+  #
+  def educate_dashes_inverted(str)
+    str.gsub(/---/, '&#8211;').gsub(/--/, '&#8212;')
+  end
+
+  # Return the string, with each instance of "<tt>...</tt>" translated
+  # to an ellipsis HTML entity. Also converts the case where there are
+  # spaces between the dots.
+  #
+  def educate_ellipses(str)
+    str.gsub('...', '&#8230;').gsub('. . .', '&#8230;')
+  end
+
+  # Return the string, with <tt>``backticks''</tt>-style single quotes
+  # translated into HTML curly quote entities.
+  #
+  def educate_backticks(str)
+    str.gsub("``", '&#8220;').gsub("''", '&#8221;')
+  end
+
+  # Return the string, with <tt>`backticks'</tt>-style single quotes
+  # translated into HTML curly quote entities.
+  #
+  def educate_single_backticks(str)
+    str.gsub("`", '&#8216;').gsub("'", '&#8217;')
+  end
+
+  # Return the string, with "educated" curly quote HTML entities.
+  #
+  def educate_quotes(str)
+    punct_class = '[!"#\$\%\'()*+,\-.\/:;<=>?\@\[\\\\\]\^_`{|}~]'
+
+    str = str.dup
+      
+    # Special case if the very first character is a quote followed by
+    # punctuation at a non-word-break. Close the quotes by brute
+    # force:
+    str.gsub!(/^'(?=#{punct_class}\B)/, '&#8217;')
+    str.gsub!(/^"(?=#{punct_class}\B)/, '&#8221;')
+
+    # Special case for double sets of quotes, e.g.:
+    #   <p>He said, "'Quoted' words in a larger quote."</p>
+    str.gsub!(/"'(?=\w)/, '&#8220;&#8216;')
+    str.gsub!(/'"(?=\w)/, '&#8216;&#8220;')
+
+    # Special case for decade abbreviations (the '80s):
+    str.gsub!(/'(?=\d\ds)/, '&#8217;')
+
+    close_class = %![^\ \t\r\n\\[\{\(\-]!
+    dec_dashes = '&#8211;|&#8212;'
+    
+    # Get most opening single quotes:
+    str.gsub!(/(\s|&nbsp;|--|&[mn]dash;|#{dec_dashes}|&#x201[34];)'(?=\w)/,
+             '\1&#8216;')
+    # Single closing quotes:
+    str.gsub!(/(#{close_class})'/, '\1&#8217;')
+    str.gsub!(/'(\s|s\b|$)/, '&#8217;\1')
+    # Any remaining single quotes should be opening ones:
+    str.gsub!(/'/, '&#8216;')
+
+    # Get most opening double quotes:
+    str.gsub!(/(\s|&nbsp;|--|&[mn]dash;|#{dec_dashes}|&#x201[34];)"(?=\w)/,
+             '\1&#8220;')
+    # Double closing quotes:
+    str.gsub!(/(#{close_class})"/, '\1&#8221;')
+    str.gsub!(/"(\s|s\b|$)/, '&#8221;\1')
+    # Any remaining quotes should be opening ones:
+    str.gsub!(/"/, '&#8220;')
+
+    str
+  end
+
+  # Return the string, with each SmartyPants HTML entity translated to
+  # its ASCII counterpart.
+  #
+  def stupefy_entities(str)
+    str.
+      gsub(/&#8211;/, '-').      # en-dash
+      gsub(/&#8212;/, '--').     # em-dash
+      
+      gsub(/&#8216;/, "'").      # open single quote
+      gsub(/&#8217;/, "'").      # close single quote
+      
+      gsub(/&#8220;/, '"').      # open double quote
+      gsub(/&#8221;/, '"').      # close double quote
+      
+      gsub(/&#8230;/, '...')     # ellipsis
+  end
+
+  # Return an array of the tokens comprising the string. Each token is
+  # either a tag (possibly with nested, tags contained therein, such
+  # as <tt><a href="<MTFoo>"></tt>, or a run of text between
+  # tags. Each element of the array is a two-element array; the first
+  # is either :tag or :text; the second is the actual value.
+  #
+  # Based on the <tt>_tokenize()</tt> subroutine from Brad Choate's
+  # MTRegex plugin.  <http://www.bradchoate.com/past/mtregex.php>
+  #
+  # This is actually the easier variant using tag_soup, as used by
+  # Chad Miller in the Python port of SmartyPants.
+  #
+  def tokenize
+    tag_soup = /([^<]*)(<[^>]*>)/
+
+    tokens = []
+
+    prev_end = 0
+    scan(tag_soup) {
+      tokens << [:text, $1]  if $1 != ""
+      tokens << [:tag, $2]
+      
+      prev_end = $~.end(0)
+    }
+
+    if prev_end < size
+      tokens << [:text, self[prev_end..-1]]
+    end
+
+    tokens
+  end
+end
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